Scientists (and the Church) said a static central Earth was surrounded by 8 or 10 revolving crystalline (see-through) `spheres'.
`Spheres' - to account for celestial movements, daily, monthly & annual.
Outer two spheres - each cranked by an angel - were created to account for precession ref-01 and long-term changes.
'Elite science' ref-02 (and the devious Church ref-03 ) held that picture of the Universe from before Aristotle (c500 BC) till more than a century after death of Copernicus (1543).
Authority - power-perverts needing to control society - made that `theory' compulsory for over two thousand years.
As late as 1592 they arrested Giordano Bruno - then publicly burnt him to death after eight years torture & 'trial' - because he knew their dogma was not true.
Perceiving more than even some modern scientists, he'd said 'there are millions of Suns and Earth-type planets, many inhabited, in the real Universe' - which offended those who needed absolute power.
Galileo was already an old man when later threatened with those same tortures, to make him publicly recant on his knees in front of the power-freaks ref-04 of the elite.
His crime ? - He'd published a book (1632) of astronomical observations which naturally indicated that Earth orbited the Sun and not vice versa!
2) the interregnum
Then a short period of pragmatism while the astronomical and physical observations - which became too much to ignore - were absorbed in an intellectual interregnum.
During this time Newton produced his 'Law of Gravity' - which, we were surprised to find, Newton himself did not claim as a `Theory'.
He said it was merely the mathematical expression of physical observations and that he himself did not believe in any such "action at a distance". ref-05
Then Einstein & Schrödinger ref-06 et al came along with more facts & observations, for which the elite power-freaks demanded absolute "Theories" for the population to believe in. By order!
By awarding Nobel prizes to conformists and pseudo-scientists - but not to genuine discoverers ref-07 - new dogmas had been constructed.
`Modern' Superstition & Dogma
Now we are told to believe in two, no, three contradictory 'theories' of the Universe. And not one of them fits the observations or the known facts.
For hidden reasons - perhaps as an excuse for ransacking and despoiling the Earth? - the elite & Church want a doomed Universe.
So they've been suppressing observed facts in order to claim -
'the Universe is closed and will collapse'
- which a brave woman since proved untrue.
Unfortunately modern establishments have power to silence the few truthful scientists and to suppress their work - as happened in a previous age with Bruno and Galileo.
So untruthful text-books continued to be written by time-serving pseudo-scientists. And generations of students got marks only if they recited pages of contradictory rubbish..
3) the new reality
Despite power-freaks who fear change and try to suppress the new facts.
Galileo, Newton and Einstein would be happy!
Reality of Universe is visible.
NOW
". . . the very fact that an idea is 'elegant,' in the scientific sense of being a beautifully simple, clear solution to a problem, makes it acutely uncomfortable to those who have been working in the field" - JOHN W. CAMPBELL, JR
WHY IS THAT?